Which of the following factors can influence the outcomes of survey results?

The influence of sample size and the method of data collection on survey outcomes is critical for ensuring the reliability and validity of the results. A sufficiently large sample size helps to reduce sampling error and allows for the findings to be more generalizable to the larger population. If the sample is too small, the results may not accurately reflect the views of the population, leading to skewed data.

Moreover, the method of data collection—whether it is conducted online, via phone, in-person, or through mail—can significantly affect who responds and how they respond. Different methods may yield different engagement levels, biases, or response rates among various demographic groups, further impacting the results. For instance, an online survey might miss out on individuals who are less tech-savvy, while an in-person survey might introduce social desirability bias.

Other choices, while they can have some influence on survey results, do not carry the same weight as sample size and collection method. For example, while the demographics of the survey administrator may affect respondents' comfort and willingness to answer honestly, this factor is secondary to the fundamental aspects of sample size and data collection methodology. The timing of the survey and the promotional advertising also play roles, but they are generally less fundamental to the integrity of the