What research method would you use if you want to gather extensive information about a single individual?

When the goal is to gather extensive information about a single individual, a case study is the most appropriate research method. This approach allows researchers to conduct an in-depth exploration of the life, experiences, and characteristics of that individual. The case study method provides a comprehensive understanding of unique aspects, which can include psychological, social, and contextual elements. It can involve various data collection techniques, such as interviews, observations, and archival research, to create a holistic view of the individual being studied.

Surveys typically collect data from a larger population and are not designed for in-depth analysis of a single subject. Experiments focus on manipulating variables to determine causal relationships, and they usually involve multiple participants to ensure the validity of results. Focus groups involve a discussion among several participants to gather insights on a particular topic, which does not lend itself to deep, individual investigation. Therefore, the case study method is uniquely suited for extensive exploration of an individual.