What measure refers to the consistency of a test in yielding similar scores for the same individual over time?

The measure that refers to the consistency of a test in yielding similar scores for the same individual over time is reliability. Reliability is a critical concept in psychological and educational testing. It assesses the degree to which test results are stable and consistent across various instances. If an individual takes the same test multiple times and receives similar results each time, the test is considered reliable. This consistency ensures that the test accurately reflects the traits or abilities it is intended to measure, minimizing the influence of random errors or fluctuations in an individual's performance.

Validity, on the other hand, relates to how well a test measures what it is supposed to measure, which is a different aspect of test quality. Standardization involves ensuring that the test is administered and scored in a consistent manner across different populations or situations. Variability reflects the extent to which scores differ from one another and does not pertain directly to consistency over time. Thus, reliability is the appropriate measure for assessing score stability over time.