What is the term used for the evaluation of scientific work by peers in the same field?

Peer review is the term used for the evaluation of scientific work by individuals who are experts in the same field. This process is essential in maintaining the integrity of scientific literature, as it ensures that the research meets the standards of quality, validity, and relevance required for publication. During peer review, submitted work is critically assessed for its methodology, results, and theoretical contributions by other researchers who have a deep understanding of the topic. This form of evaluation helps to validate the research findings and contribute to the broader scientific discourse.

In contrast, quality assurance refers to systematic processes to ensure that a product or service meets specified requirements, often in manufacturing or service industries, rather than in the context of individual research articles. Performance assessment typically relates to evaluating the effectiveness or outcomes of an individual's work or projects in various professional settings, not specifically related to research validation. Expert evaluation may sound similar, but it does not necessarily imply the formal process of peer review that is standard in academic and scientific fields.