What is the name of the committee that reviews research experiments for ethics and methodology in universities?

The correct answer is the Institutional Review Board (IRB), which plays a crucial role in overseeing research conducted at universities and other institutions. The primary purpose of an IRB is to protect the rights, welfare, and well-being of human subjects participating in research. This committee reviews research proposals to ensure ethical standards are maintained, assessing factors such as informed consent, risk to participants, and the scientific validity of the research methods.

The IRB must ensure that the benefits of the research outweigh any potential risks to participants, which is a foundational requirement in research ethics. This oversight is essential not only for compliance with federal regulations but also for maintaining public trust in the research process.

Other terms like Ethics Committee or Research Ethics Board may also refer to groups involved in similar activities, but the formal and legally defined body responsible for this review process in research involving human subjects in the United States is the Institutional Review Board. Additionally, while the Peer Review Board relates to the evaluation of research findings before publication, it does not focus on the ethical implications of the research methods or the treatment of human subjects.